中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
俄国防部：俄军将进行大规模调整 扩军至150万人******
中新网1月17日电 综合外媒17日报道，俄国防部新闻处发布消息称，2023年至2026年，俄罗斯军队将实现大规模调整，其中包括将人数增至150万人。俄罗斯国防部长绍伊古还称，将特别重视招募合同兵，并确保及时供应技术装备，以及增加训练场。
资料图：当地时间2022年5月9日，俄罗斯在首都莫斯科红场举行纪念伟大卫国战争胜利77周年阅兵式。共有1.1万名军人、131件现代化武器和军事技术装备在红场接受了检阅。 中新社记者 田冰 摄俄国防部宣布将扩军至150万人
据俄罗斯卫星网报道，俄国防部新闻处发布消息称，俄罗斯国防部长绍伊古召开会议，涉及执行俄总统普京关于将武装力量人数增至150万名军人决定的问题。
消息指出，武装力量组成的大规模调整、人数增加、俄联邦军事行政区划调整等，均将在2023年至2026年期间进行。
俄国防部称，与俄武装力量扩军至150万名军人同步进行的还有武器供应、基础设施建设和军队保障。绍伊古表示，为了确保增加俄武装力量人数，将特别重视招募合同兵，并确保及时供应技术装备，以及增加训练场。
据此前报道，俄总统普京曾于2022年8月25日签署关于俄罗斯武装力量扩军的总统令，并于2023年1月1日正式生效。根据该法令，预计将俄武装力量编制增加13.7万人，俄军现役军人总人数将超过115万。
图片来源：《莫斯科时报》报道截图俄防长强调给予军队全面保障
此外，俄罗斯国防部17日还发表声明说，俄防长绍伊古视察了部署在乌克兰某处的“东方”集团总部。声明未说明这一总部的具体地点。
俄罗斯卫星网称，绍伊古听取了集团司令鲁斯塔姆·穆拉多夫关于当前情况和军队集团行动的汇报，还听取了军团和兵团司令关于在主要方向上“战斗任务”完成进程的介绍。
绍伊古特别提出，要对特别军事行动动用的军队给予全面保障。他表示，“要为特别军事行动动用的军队组织全面保障，为野外条件工作的人员组织野战筑城并创造安全的住宿环境，组织医疗和后勤的工作。”
另据《莫斯科时报》报道，在一段将近三分钟、大部分声音被静音的视频中，绍伊古身着作战服，参加了视频会议，还向几名军人颁发了奖章。
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